docs: document patch template inputs

[aqilaziz]

Summary

• Document the root template inputs available to score-compose and score-k8s patch templates.
• Add temporary debugging examples for encoding the full template input into a generated label or annotation.
• Correct the patch operation field name from patch to path in both pages.

Fixes #193

Testing

• corepack yarn dprint check
• corepack yarn hugo --minify

Note: corepack yarn lint could not complete locally because the vale binary is not available in this environment.