py/objstr: Add 20 missing CPython str methods.

[mattytrentini]

Summary

Adds the following str methods, gated behind new config flags at the EXTRA_FEATURES level: capitalize, swapcase, title, istitle, casefold, ljust, rjust, zfill, translate, maketrans, removeprefix, removesuffix, isalnum, isascii, isdecimal, isidentifier, isnumeric, isprintable.

Add expandtabs and format_map at FULL_FEATURES level.

The str-only methods (casefold, maketrans, isdecimal, isidentifier, isnumeric, isprintable, format_map) are excluded from the bytes and bytearray method tables. ljust, rjust, and zfill are added under the existing MICROPY_PY_BUILTINS_STR_CENTER flag.

These methods are only enabled for the EXTRA_ and FULL_FEATURES configurations and they do incur a non-trivial bump in size (2-3KB ish). However, it does mean that it's easier to port Python applications and seems reasonable for the larger builds.

Testing

The appropriate tests have been extended. Namely everything in tests/basics/string_*.

Trade-offs and Alternatives

These methods could simply not be added; they can all be worked around. But I've seen enough work-arounds to know that they're pretty commonly used and would be appreciated on builds that can afford the space.

Generative AI

I used generative AI tools when creating this PR, but a human has checked the code and is responsible for the code and the description above.

[github-actions]

Code size report:

Reference:  README: Add a section describing MicroPython's values. [4625f97]
Comparison: esp8266: Disable new str methods to fit in flash. [merge of b1714e3]
  mpy-cross:    +0 +0.000% 
   bare-arm:    +0 +0.000% 
minimal x86:    +0 +0.000% 
   unix x64: +6424 +0.750% standard[incl +768(data)]
      stm32: +9184 +2.329% PYBV10[incl +396(bss)]
      esp32: +2428 +0.139% ESP32_GENERIC[incl +640(data)]
     mimxrt: +2424 +0.629% TEENSY40
        rp2: +2104 +0.229% RPI_PICO_W
       samd: +2476 +0.901% ADAFRUIT_ITSYBITSY_M4_EXPRESS
  qemu rv32: +2468 +0.541% VIRT_RV32