diff --git a/src-tauri/tauri.conf.json b/src-tauri/tauri.conf.json
index c83f0fa..3290d48 100644
--- a/src-tauri/tauri.conf.json
+++ b/src-tauri/tauri.conf.json
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
   "$schema": "https://schema.tauri.app/config/2",
   "productName": "scorebench",
-  "version": "0.3.1",
+  "version": "0.3.2",
   "identifier": "com.talkincode.scorebench",
   "build": {
     "beforeDevCommand": "npm run dev",
diff --git a/src/lib/components/SpectrumView.svelte b/src/lib/components/SpectrumView.svelte
index 251ca70..89c6d97 100644
--- a/src/lib/components/SpectrumView.svelte
+++ b/src/lib/components/SpectrumView.svelte
@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 <script lang="ts">
-  import { onMount } from "svelte";
+  import { onDestroy, onMount } from "svelte";
   import {
     drawWithFallback,
     spectrumStyles,
+    ThreeInstanceCache,
     visualStyleById,
+    visualStyles,
     type SpectrumFrame,
-    type ThreeInstance,
+    type ThreeStyleModule,
+    type VisualStyleEntry,
   } from "../spectrum";
   import { idleSpectrum } from "../spectrum/dynamics";
   import { MoodEngine, type MoodState } from "../spectrum/mood";
@@ -25,20 +28,29 @@
   } = $props();
 
   let canvas2d: HTMLCanvasElement | undefined = $state();
-  let canvasGl: HTMLCanvasElement | undefined = $state();
+  let glCanvases = $state<Record<string, HTMLCanvasElement | undefined>>({});
   let prefersReducedMotion = $state(false);
   let threeFailed = $state<Record<string, boolean>>({});
-  let instance = $state<ThreeInstance | null>(null);
-  let instanceStyle = $state<string | null>(null);
+  let loadedModules = $state<Record<string, ThreeStyleModule | undefined>>({});
+  let readyStyles = $state<Record<string, boolean>>({});
 
   const fallback2d = spectrumStyles[0];
   const failed2d = new Set<string>();
+  type ThreeStyleEntry = Extract<VisualStyleEntry, { kind: "three" }>;
+  const threeStyles = visualStyles.filter(
+    (candidate): candidate is ThreeStyleEntry => candidate.kind === "three",
+  );
+  const loadingModules = new Set<string>();
+  const instanceCache = new ThreeInstanceCache();
+  const glSizes = new Map<string, { width: number; height: number; dpr: number }>();
+  const glElapsed = new Map<string, number>();
   let freqData: Uint8Array | null = null;
   let timeData: Uint8Array | null = null;
   const emptyFreq = new Uint8Array(1024);
   const emptyTime = new Uint8Array(2048).fill(128);
   /** Perception substrate — one engine per view, run only for mood-aware styles. */
   let moodEngine: MoodEngine | null = null;
+  let destroyed = false;
 
   let entry = $derived.by(() => {
     const found = visualStyleById(styleId);
@@ -47,52 +59,100 @@
     return found;
   });
 
+  function registerGlCanvas(node: HTMLCanvasElement, styleId: string) {
+    glCanvases = { ...glCanvases, [styleId]: node };
+    return {
+      destroy() {
+        if (glCanvases[styleId] !== node) return;
+        const next = { ...glCanvases };
+        delete next[styleId];
+        glCanvases = next;
+      },
+    };
+  }
+
+  function loadThreeModule(style: ThreeStyleEntry): void {
+    if (loadedModules[style.id] || loadingModules.has(style.id) || threeFailed[style.id]) return;
+    loadingModules.add(style.id);
+    void style
+      .load()
+      .then((module) => {
+        if (!destroyed) loadedModules = { ...loadedModules, [style.id]: module };
+      })
+      .catch((error) => {
+        if (destroyed) return;
+        console.error(`spectrum style ${style.id} failed to load`, error);
+        threeFailed = { ...threeFailed, [style.id]: true };
+      })
+      .finally(() => loadingModules.delete(style.id));
+  }
+
   onMount(() => {
     const query = window.matchMedia("(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)");
     const update = () => (prefersReducedMotion = query.matches);
     update();
     query.addEventListener("change", update);
-    return () => query.removeEventListener("change", update);
+
+    const host = window as Window & {
+      requestIdleCallback?: (callback: () => void, options?: { timeout: number }) => number;
+      cancelIdleCallback?: (handle: number) => void;
+    };
+    const preload = () => threeStyles.forEach(loadThreeModule);
+    const idleHandle = host.requestIdleCallback?.(preload, { timeout: 1800 });
+    const timeoutHandle =
+      idleHandle === undefined ? window.setTimeout(preload, 500) : undefined;
+
+    return () => {
+      query.removeEventListener("change", update);
+      if (idleHandle !== undefined) host.cancelIdleCallback?.(idleHandle);
+      if (timeoutHandle !== undefined) window.clearTimeout(timeoutHandle);
+    };
   });
 
-  // WebGL scene lifecycle: lazy-load the module, dispose on style change.
+  onDestroy(() => {
+    destroyed = true;
+    instanceCache.disposeAll((styleId, error) =>
+      console.error(`spectrum style ${styleId} failed to dispose`, error),
+    );
+    glSizes.clear();
+    glElapsed.clear();
+  });
+
+  // WebGL scenes are created on first use, then retained for instant switching.
   $effect(() => {
     const current = entry;
-    const target = canvasGl;
-    if (current.kind !== "three" || !target || !active) return;
-    let cancelled = false;
-    current
-      .load()
-      .then((module) => {
-        if (cancelled) return;
-        instance = module.create(target);
-        instanceStyle = current.id;
-      })
-      .catch((error) => {
-        console.error(`spectrum style ${current.id} failed to initialize`, error);
-        threeFailed = { ...threeFailed, [current.id]: true };
-      });
-    return () => {
-      cancelled = true;
-      instance?.dispose();
-      instance = null;
-      instanceStyle = null;
-    };
+    if (current.kind !== "three" || !active || threeFailed[current.id]) return;
+    const target = glCanvases[current.id];
+    const module = loadedModules[current.id];
+    if (!target || instanceCache.get(current.id)) return;
+    if (!module) {
+      loadThreeModule(current);
+      return;
+    }
+    try {
+      instanceCache.getOrCreate(current.id, () => module.create(target));
+      readyStyles = { ...readyStyles, [current.id]: true };
+    } catch (error) {
+      console.error(`spectrum style ${current.id} failed to initialize`, error);
+      threeFailed = { ...threeFailed, [current.id]: true };
+    }
   });
 
   $effect(() => {
+    const current = entry;
+    const currentStyleId = current.kind === "three" ? current.id : null;
+    const currentInstance =
+      currentStyleId && readyStyles[currentStyleId]
+        ? instanceCache.get(currentStyleId)
+        : undefined;
+    const elGl = currentStyleId ? glCanvases[currentStyleId] : undefined;
     if (!active) return;
-    const kind = entry.kind;
     const el2d = canvas2d;
-    const elGl = canvasGl;
-    if (!el2d || !elGl) return;
+    if (!el2d) return;
     const ctx = el2d.getContext("2d");
     if (!ctx) return;
 
     let raf = 0;
-    let glWidth = 0;
-    let glHeight = 0;
-    let glDpr = 0;
     let lastTick = performance.now();
     const startedAt = lastTick;
 
@@ -117,7 +177,7 @@
       // Emotion coordinates enter the frame contract here: computed once per
       // frame, only while the active style declares itself mood-aware.
       let mood: MoodState | undefined;
-      if (entry.moodAware) {
+      if (current.moodAware) {
         moodEngine ??= new MoodEngine();
         const intentMode = options.intentMode;
         mood = moodEngine.update(freq, dt, {
@@ -129,7 +189,7 @@
       }
 
       const dpr = window.devicePixelRatio || 1;
-      if (kind === "2d" || !instance || instanceStyle !== entry.id) {
+      if (current.kind === "2d" || !currentInstance || !currentStyleId) {
         const w = el2d.clientWidth;
         const h = el2d.clientHeight;
         if (w <= 0 || h <= 0) return;
@@ -138,7 +198,7 @@
           el2d.height = h * dpr;
         }
         ctx.setTransform(dpr, 0, 0, dpr, 0, 0);
-        const style = entry.kind === "2d" ? entry.style : fallback2d;
+        const style = current.kind === "2d" ? current.style : fallback2d;
         const frame: SpectrumFrame = {
           ctx,
           width: w,
@@ -154,21 +214,28 @@
           console.error(`spectrum style ${style.id} failed`, error),
         );
       } else {
+        if (!elGl) return;
         const w = elGl.clientWidth;
         const h = elGl.clientHeight;
         if (w <= 0 || h <= 0) return;
-        if (w !== glWidth || h !== glHeight || dpr !== glDpr) {
-          glWidth = w;
-          glHeight = h;
-          glDpr = dpr;
-          instance.resize(w, h, dpr);
+        const previousSize = glSizes.get(currentStyleId);
+        if (
+          !previousSize ||
+          w !== previousSize.width ||
+          h !== previousSize.height ||
+          dpr !== previousSize.dpr
+        ) {
+          glSizes.set(currentStyleId, { width: w, height: h, dpr });
+          currentInstance.resize(w, h, dpr);
         }
-        instance.render({
+        const elapsed = (glElapsed.get(currentStyleId) ?? 0) + dt;
+        glElapsed.set(currentStyleId, elapsed);
+        currentInstance.render({
           freq,
           time,
           positionFraction: getPosition(),
           dt,
-          elapsed: (now - startedAt) / 1000,
+          elapsed,
           prefersReducedMotion,
           options,
           mood,
@@ -179,22 +246,26 @@
     return () => cancelAnimationFrame(raf);
   });
 
-  let showGl = $derived(entry.kind === "three" && instance !== null && instanceStyle === entry.id);
-  // Each three style renders into its own canvas element: dispose() releases
-  // the old WebGL context via loseContext, so a canvas can never be reused.
-  let glKey = $derived(entry.kind === "three" && active ? entry.id : "gl-off");
+  let activeGlStyleId = $derived(
+    entry.kind === "three" && readyStyles[entry.id] ? entry.id : null,
+  );
+  let showGl = $derived(activeGlStyleId !== null);
 
   /** Canvas currently on screen — the element video export captures. */
   export function getActiveCanvas(): HTMLCanvasElement | null {
-    return (showGl ? canvasGl : canvas2d) ?? null;
+    return (activeGlStyleId ? glCanvases[activeGlStyleId] : canvas2d) ?? null;
   }
 </script>
 
 <div class="spectrum-view">
   <canvas bind:this={canvas2d} class="layer" class:hidden={showGl}></canvas>
-  {#key glKey}
-    <canvas bind:this={canvasGl} class="layer" class:hidden={!showGl}></canvas>
-  {/key}
+  {#each threeStyles as threeStyle (threeStyle.id)}
+    <canvas
+      use:registerGlCanvas={threeStyle.id}
+      class="layer"
+      class:hidden={activeGlStyleId !== threeStyle.id}
+    ></canvas>
+  {/each}
 </div>
 
 <style>
diff --git a/src/lib/spectrum/index.test.ts b/src/lib/spectrum/index.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0c3764d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/spectrum/index.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { visualStyles } from "./index";
+
+describe("visualStyles", () => {
+  it("uses concise English picker labels", () => {
+    expect(visualStyles.map(({ id, label }) => ({ id, label }))).toEqual([
+      { id: "bars", label: "Bars" },
+      { id: "mood", label: "Mood" },
+      { id: "voyage", label: "Voyage" },
+    ]);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/src/lib/spectrum/index.ts b/src/lib/spectrum/index.ts
index 66120ad..8dff9f8 100644
--- a/src/lib/spectrum/index.ts
+++ b/src/lib/spectrum/index.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { bars } from "./bars";
 
 export type { SpectrumFrame, SpectrumOptionDefinition, SpectrumStyle } from "./types";
 export type { ThreeFrame, ThreeInstance, ThreeStyleModule } from "./three/types";
-export { drawWithFallback } from "./runtime";
+export { drawWithFallback, ThreeInstanceCache } from "./runtime";
 export { AUTO_STYLE_ID, analyzeTraits, pickStyle } from "./auto";
 export type { AudioTraits, BufferLike } from "./auto";
 export { MoodEngine, neutralMoodState } from "./mood";
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ export const visualStyles: VisualStyleEntry[] = [
   {
     kind: "three",
     id: "mood",
-    label: "情绪 · Mood",
+    label: "Mood",
     moodAware: true,
     options: [{ key: "moodHud", label: "HUD", min: 0, max: 1, step: 1, defaultValue: 1 }],
     load: () => import("./three/mood"),
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ export const visualStyles: VisualStyleEntry[] = [
   {
     kind: "three",
     id: "voyage",
-    label: "航线 · Voyage",
+    label: "Voyage",
     moodAware: true,
     options: [
       { key: "wireframe", label: "Line layers", min: 0, max: 1, step: 1, defaultValue: 1 },
diff --git a/src/lib/spectrum/runtime.test.ts b/src/lib/spectrum/runtime.test.ts
index 7ad9de9..afbd87b 100644
--- a/src/lib/spectrum/runtime.test.ts
+++ b/src/lib/spectrum/runtime.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
-import { drawWithFallback } from "./runtime";
+import { drawWithFallback, ThreeInstanceCache } from "./runtime";
+import type { ThreeInstance } from "./three/types";
 import type { SpectrumFrame, SpectrumStyle } from "./types";
 
 describe("drawWithFallback", () => {
@@ -23,3 +24,31 @@ describe("drawWithFallback", () => {
     expect(report).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
   });
 });
+
+describe("ThreeInstanceCache", () => {
+  it("reuses initialized styles until the view is destroyed", () => {
+    const cache = new ThreeInstanceCache();
+    const mood = {
+      render: vi.fn(),
+      resize: vi.fn(),
+      dispose: vi.fn(),
+    } satisfies ThreeInstance;
+    const voyage = {
+      render: vi.fn(),
+      resize: vi.fn(),
+      dispose: vi.fn(),
+    } satisfies ThreeInstance;
+    const recreateMood = vi.fn(() => mood);
+
+    expect(cache.getOrCreate("mood", () => mood)).toBe(mood);
+    expect(cache.getOrCreate("voyage", () => voyage)).toBe(voyage);
+    expect(cache.getOrCreate("mood", recreateMood)).toBe(mood);
+    expect(recreateMood).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(mood.dispose).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(voyage.dispose).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+
+    cache.disposeAll();
+    expect(mood.dispose).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+    expect(voyage.dispose).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+  });
+});
diff --git a/src/lib/spectrum/runtime.ts b/src/lib/spectrum/runtime.ts
index 5b927fe..1d73875 100644
--- a/src/lib/spectrum/runtime.ts
+++ b/src/lib/spectrum/runtime.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import type { SpectrumFrame, SpectrumStyle } from "./types";
+import type { ThreeInstance } from "./three/types";
 
 export function drawWithFallback(
   style: SpectrumStyle,
@@ -19,3 +20,37 @@ export function drawWithFallback(
     return fallback;
   }
 }
+
+/**
+ * Retains initialized WebGL styles so switching visuals does not repeatedly
+ * rebuild scenes, shaders and post-processing targets on the interaction path.
+ */
+export class ThreeInstanceCache {
+  private readonly instances = new Map<string, ThreeInstance>();
+
+  get(styleId: string): ThreeInstance | undefined {
+    return this.instances.get(styleId);
+  }
+
+  getOrCreate(styleId: string, create: () => ThreeInstance): ThreeInstance {
+    const cached = this.instances.get(styleId);
+    if (cached) return cached;
+    const instance = create();
+    this.instances.set(styleId, instance);
+    return instance;
+  }
+
+  disposeAll(
+    report: (styleId: string, error: unknown) => void = (styleId, error) =>
+      console.error(`spectrum style ${styleId} failed to dispose`, error),
+  ): void {
+    for (const [styleId, instance] of this.instances) {
+      try {
+        instance.dispose();
+      } catch (error) {
+        report(styleId, error);
+      }
+    }
+    this.instances.clear();
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/lib/spectrum/three/voyage.ts b/src/lib/spectrum/three/voyage.ts
index f8c7b45..a4882b8 100644
--- a/src/lib/spectrum/three/voyage.ts
+++ b/src/lib/spectrum/three/voyage.ts
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ import {
   ENGINE_CORE_DIAMETER_RATIO,
   ENGINE_GLOW_WIDTH_RATIO,
   ENGINE_JET_LENGTH_DIAMETERS,
+  ENGINE_PARTICLE_OPACITY,
   attackRelease,
   bezier3,
   compressLevel,
@@ -1489,7 +1490,13 @@ export function create(canvas: HTMLCanvasElement): ThreeInstance {
       // Layers 3–4: one fixed-radius beam and one 1.7× wider, dim blue envelope.
       const mainJetMat = engineBeamMaterial("#74e1ff", "#0869c6", 3.6, 0.76, 0);
       mainJetMat.uniforms.uRadius.value = d.r * 0.48;
-      const outerGlowMat = engineBeamMaterial("#0b519f", "#010a24", 2.4, 0.68, 0.42);
+      const outerGlowMat = engineBeamMaterial(
+        "#0b519f",
+        "#010a24",
+        2.4,
+        0.68,
+        ENGINE_PARTICLE_OPACITY,
+      );
       outerGlowMat.uniforms.uRadius.value =
         d.r * 0.48 * ENGINE_GLOW_WIDTH_RATIO;
       const beamGeometry = engineBeamGeometry();
diff --git a/src/lib/spectrum/voyage.test.ts b/src/lib/spectrum/voyage.test.ts
index 4de6278..412197e 100644
--- a/src/lib/spectrum/voyage.test.ts
+++ b/src/lib/spectrum/voyage.test.ts
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import {
   ENGINE_CORE_DIAMETER_RATIO,
   ENGINE_GLOW_WIDTH_RATIO,
   ENGINE_JET_LENGTH_DIAMETERS,
+  ENGINE_PARTICLE_OPACITY,
   SHIP_BOW_Z,
   SHIP_STERN_Z,
   attackRelease,
@@ -228,6 +229,7 @@ describe("engine optics", () => {
     expect(ENGINE_JET_LENGTH_DIAMETERS * 1.2).toBeLessThanOrEqual(4);
     expect(ENGINE_GLOW_WIDTH_RATIO).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(1.5);
     expect(ENGINE_GLOW_WIDTH_RATIO).toBeLessThanOrEqual(2);
+    expect(ENGINE_PARTICLE_OPACITY).toBe(0.3);
   });
 
   it("maps bass to jet length only within ±20%", () => {
diff --git a/src/lib/spectrum/voyage.ts b/src/lib/spectrum/voyage.ts
index 483c5dd..8fee124 100644
--- a/src/lib/spectrum/voyage.ts
+++ b/src/lib/spectrum/voyage.ts
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ export const CRUISE_MAX = 2.6;
 export const ENGINE_CORE_DIAMETER_RATIO = 0.31;
 export const ENGINE_JET_LENGTH_DIAMETERS = 3.15;
 export const ENGINE_GLOW_WIDTH_RATIO = 1.7;
+export const ENGINE_PARTICLE_OPACITY = 0.3;
 export const ENGINE_BEAT_ATTACK_SECONDS = 0.008;
 export const ENGINE_BEAT_RELEASE_SECONDS = 0.1;