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<!DOCTYPE html>
<!-- Last Published: Fri Apr 04 2025 14:49:00 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time) -->
<html
data-wf-domain="obu---osservatorio-sulla-biodiversita-u.webflow.io"
data-wf-page="67af3905fd2946fe47711484"
data-wf-site="674f332340808fa363078766"
lang="it"
>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title>Bell*, bellissim* - OBU</title>
<meta content="Bell*, bellissim* - OBU" property="og:title" />
<meta content="Bell*, bellissim* - OBU" property="twitter:title" />
<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport" />
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href="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/css/obu---osservatorio-sulla-biodiversita-u.ac422a439.css"
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crossorigin="anonymous"
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src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/webfont/1.6.26/webfont.js"
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],
},
});
</script>
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var n = c.documentElement,
t = " w-mod-";
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("ontouchstart" in o ||
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href="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/677eab29d6843856991d6e96_FavIcon.svg"
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media="(prefers-color-scheme:light)"
rel="icon"
/>
</head>
<body class="body-2">
<div class="navbar strokeviola">
<div class="navbarmain">
<a class="homepage" href="en-home.html"
>Urban Biodiversity Observatory</a
>
</div>
<div
class="lingua"
id="w-node-ea410790-dd06-99ec-2410-fe8a1ede381e-47711484"
>
<a class="switchlingua w-inline-block" href="bell-bellissim.html"
><div class="switchlingua">ITA</div></a
><a
aria-current="page"
class="switchlingua w-inline-block w--current"
href="en-bell-bellissim.html"
><div class="switchlingua">ENG</div></a
>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sectionintro viola">
<div class="intro-info">
<div class="info-intro">Platform: TikTok</div>
<div class="info-intro">Date: 2024</div>
<div class="info-intro">
<a
class="datasetlinks"
href="https://zenodo.org/records/14811563?token=eyJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.eyJpZCI6IjE0YWY4NzI0LTE5NmQtNDJhMS1iNjRiLTJhYTI1ZGEwODBhNyIsImRhdGEiOnt9LCJyYW5kb20iOiJkNjA1OTlhY2Q2ZjdmOTc5ODAyY2FhMzE3ZjYwNDA5NCJ9.qPwfOJMi9bQUDPKma6nEKA5iDIk0Wu1RDmduNW5VQ0jyFbq5bDqJmIVIh5bWsq3A64Re6Lyv2LSTezueSxkk6w"
target="_blank"
>Dataset 1</a
>,
<a
class="datasetlinks"
href="https://zenodo.org/records/14811603?token=eyJhbGciOiJIUzUxMiJ9.eyJpZCI6IjgyMmI0NjExLWFkN2QtNGFhNC04ZTViLWNhY2UzZjIzZDMyZCIsImRhdGEiOnt9LCJyYW5kb20iOiJiMTA2MDlmODA2YjMyNTY2YjkxMTlhMjI3MTIxMWQzZiJ9.fVozkaHTSJRQ4IyJz19O3O493oQtoazP_voaFd4yogYinExk3qxSM8kCUwEnauxfUDDxK6uKj7bjtnBRqVUcpQ"
target="_blank"
>Dataset 2</a
>
</div>
</div>
<div class="intro-titolo">Bell*, bellissim*</div>
<div class="intro-sottotitolo">
Characterizing urban animals on Italian TikTok through adjectives found
in videos
</div>
<div class="imgeautori">
<div class="imgintro">
<img
alt=""
class="intro-img"
height="Auto"
loading="lazy"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/677be507f2382372a85240c6_FIGURE%25203.svg"
width="Auto"
/>
</div>
<div class="intro-autori">
Benedetta Riccio, Alessandra Facchin, Gabriele Colombo, Michele Mauri
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titolistorie testoviola">
How is urban biodiversity perceived on Italian TikTok?
</div>
<div class="testostorie spazioso">
In contrast to previous studies, such as YouTube comments about North
American mammals which observed
<a
class="testoviola"
href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10871209.2018.1468943"
target="_blank"
>reazioni negative</a
>
which observed negative reactions to wild animals in urban environments,
this analyses shows how Italian TikTok users tend to use positive
adjectives, fostering empathy with the depicted animals.
<br /><br />Adjectives infact, offer a quick way to understand the
visual, emotional, and characteristic traits that users most often
associate with each animal.<br /><br />One notable example is pigeons,
whose reputation has shifted significantly—from being seen as innocent
birds to being labeled "<a
class="testoviola"
href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/sp.2008.55.1.72"
target="_blank"
>rats with wings</a
>". <br />On Italian TikTok pigeons receive primarily positive aesthetic
descriptions, suggesting either a shift in perception or a
platform-specific representation that differs from broader cultural
narratives.<br /><br />This phenomenon suggests not only a possible
change in the collective perception of urban animals, but also how
social media can influence and redefine established cultural narratives,
opening new perspectives on the relationship between city and nature.<br />
</div>
<div class="titolistorie testoviola">
The predominance of positive descriptions, even for typically maligned
species, may indicate that TikTok's "fun" culture is reshaping
traditional perceptions of urban animals.
</div>
</div>
<div class="section viola">
<div class="titolistorie">
Which adjectives are used to describe animals on the Italian Tiktok?
</div>
<div class="testostorie ravvicinato">
To answer this question, we collected 2,030 terms from Italian TikTok
videos about urban biodiversity and categorized them into five main
groups.
</div>
<div class="legenda">
<div class="vocelegenda">
<div class="cerchio azzurro"></div>
<div class="text-block-10">Aesthetics</div>
</div>
<div class="vocelegenda">
<div class="cerchio arancio"></div>
<div class="text-block-10">Quality</div>
</div>
<div class="vocelegenda">
<div class="cerchio verde"></div>
<div class="text-block-10">Size</div>
</div>
<div class="vocelegenda">
<div class="cerchio giallo"></div>
<div class="text-block-10">Color</div>
</div>
<div class="vocelegenda">
<div class="cerchio bianco"></div>
<div class="text-block-10">Observer</div>
</div>
<div class="vocelegenda">
<div class="cerchio grigio"></div>
<div class="text-block-10">Other</div>
</div>
</div>
<img
alt=""
class="img55"
loading="lazy"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/677bea74732a327f4ccd0dcf_tag.svg"
/>
<div class="testosmallstorie">
Adjectives used at least 15 times in the dataset, ordered by frequency.
The color represents the category.
</div>
<div class="testostorie ravvicinato">
Among these, adjectives related to positive aesthetic qualities are the
most common.
</div>
<div class="legendamobile">
<div class="vocelegenda">
<div class="cerchio azzurro"></div>
<div class="text-block-10">Estetica</div>
</div>
</div>
<img
alt=""
class="tagmobile"
loading="lazy"
sizes="(max-width: 479px) 92vw, (max-width: 767px) 70vw, 100vw"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af2c614d589896c6947be8_TagMobile1.png"
srcset="
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af2c614d589896c6947be8_TagMobile1-p-500.png 500w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af2c614d589896c6947be8_TagMobile1-p-800.png 800w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af2c614d589896c6947be8_TagMobile1-p-1080.png 1080w,
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"
/><img
alt=""
class="img55"
height="Auto"
loading="lazy"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/677f278fd10be7d594259197_Frame%25201.svg"
width="Auto"
/>
<div class="testostorie ravvicinato">
They are followed by the ones describing the size of animals, whether
small or large. We noticed that Italian users tend to emphasize the
dimensions of the animals.
</div>
<div class="legendamobile">
<div class="vocelegenda">
<div class="cerchio verde"></div>
<div class="text-block-10">Dimensioni</div>
</div>
</div>
<img
alt=""
class="tagmobile"
loading="lazy"
sizes="(max-width: 479px) 92vw, (max-width: 767px) 70vw, 100vw"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af2c61bb6e64bb49ed36ba_TagMobile2.png"
srcset="
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external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af2c61bb6e64bb49ed36ba_TagMobile2-p-800.png 800w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af2c61bb6e64bb49ed36ba_TagMobile2-p-1080.png 1080w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af2c61bb6e64bb49ed36ba_TagMobile2.png 1432w
"
/><img
alt=""
class="img55"
loading="lazy"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/677f278ec1710e6acd3be200_Frame%25202.svg"
/>
<div class="testostorie ravvicinato">
Clearly negative adjectives are less common overall.
</div>
<div class="legendamobile">
<div class="vocelegenda">
<div class="cerchio arancio"></div>
<div class="text-block-10">Qualità</div>
</div>
</div>
<img
alt=""
class="img55"
loading="lazy"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/677f278eb9eda8fc47fc0d9e_Frame%25203.svg"
/><img
alt=""
class="tagmobile"
loading="lazy"
sizes="(max-width: 479px) 92vw, (max-width: 767px) 70vw, 100vw"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af2c6179d7e422ef8d141b_TagMobile3.png"
srcset="
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af2c6179d7e422ef8d141b_TagMobile3-p-500.png 500w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af2c6179d7e422ef8d141b_TagMobile3-p-800.png 800w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af2c6179d7e422ef8d141b_TagMobile3-p-1080.png 1080w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af2c6179d7e422ef8d141b_TagMobile3.png 1432w
"
/>
<div class="legendamobile">
<div class="vocelegenda">
<div class="cerchio giallo"></div>
<div class="text-block-10">Colori</div>
</div>
</div>
<img
alt=""
class="tagmobile"
loading="lazy"
sizes="(max-width: 479px) 92vw, (max-width: 767px) 70vw, 100vw"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af2c65cb291e4f03ead924_TagMobile4.png"
srcset="
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"
/>
<div class="legendamobile">
<div class="vocelegenda">
<div class="cerchio bianco"></div>
<div class="text-block-10">Osservatore</div>
</div>
</div>
<img
alt=""
class="tagmobile"
loading="lazy"
sizes="(max-width: 479px) 92vw, (max-width: 767px) 70vw, 100vw"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af2c666d69689e343365ae_TagMobile5.png"
srcset="
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external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af2c666d69689e343365ae_TagMobile5-p-1080.png 1080w,
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"
/>
<div class="legendamobile">
<div class="vocelegenda">
<div class="cerchio grigio"></div>
<div class="text-block-10">Altro</div>
</div>
</div>
<img
alt=""
class="tagmobile"
loading="lazy"
sizes="(max-width: 479px) 92vw, (max-width: 767px) 70vw, 100vw"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af2c629549fc8a7e1aa4f8_TagMobile6.png"
srcset="
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external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af2c629549fc8a7e1aa4f8_TagMobile6-p-800.png 800w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af2c629549fc8a7e1aa4f8_TagMobile6-p-1080.png 1080w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af2c629549fc8a7e1aa4f8_TagMobile6.png 1432w
"
/>
<div class="testosmallstoriemobile">
Aggettivi utilizzati almeno 15 volte all'interno del dataset, ordinati
secondo la frequenza. Il colore rappresenta la categoria.
</div>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titolistorie testoviola">
When looking among all animals, the most commonly used adjective is
"bello" (beautiful).
</div>
<img
alt=""
class="aggettivi"
height="Auto"
loading="lazy"
sizes="(max-width: 479px) 100vw, (max-width: 991px) 70vw, 50vw"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7b84ff318a4320b9d5_AggEng1.png"
srcset="
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7b84ff318a4320b9d5_AggEng1-p-500.png 500w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7b84ff318a4320b9d5_AggEng1-p-800.png 800w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7b84ff318a4320b9d5_AggEng1-p-1080.png 1080w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7b84ff318a4320b9d5_AggEng1-p-1600.png 1600w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7b84ff318a4320b9d5_AggEng1-p-2000.png 2000w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7b84ff318a4320b9d5_AggEng1-p-2600.png 2600w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7b84ff318a4320b9d5_AggEng1.png 3913w
"
width="Auto"
/><img
alt=""
class="aggmobile"
height="Auto"
loading="lazy"
sizes="(max-width: 479px) 92vw, 100vw"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3087a47a1e5507207f42_AggMobile1.png"
srcset="
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3087a47a1e5507207f42_AggMobile1-p-500.png 500w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3087a47a1e5507207f42_AggMobile1-p-800.png 800w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3087a47a1e5507207f42_AggMobile1-p-1080.png 1080w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3087a47a1e5507207f42_AggMobile1-p-1600.png 1600w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3087a47a1e5507207f42_AggMobile1.png 1932w
"
width="Auto"
/>
<div class="testostorie ravvicinato">
However there are some exceptions, such as the seagull, for which the
most frequently used adjective is “povero” (poor)...
</div>
<img
alt=""
class="aggettivi"
height="Auto"
loading="lazy"
sizes="(max-width: 479px) 100vw, (max-width: 991px) 70vw, 50vw"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7bef7cf9b1ea55ce0e_AggEng2.png"
srcset="
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7bef7cf9b1ea55ce0e_AggEng2-p-500.png 500w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7bef7cf9b1ea55ce0e_AggEng2-p-800.png 800w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7bef7cf9b1ea55ce0e_AggEng2-p-1080.png 1080w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7bef7cf9b1ea55ce0e_AggEng2-p-1600.png 1600w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7bef7cf9b1ea55ce0e_AggEng2-p-2000.png 2000w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7bef7cf9b1ea55ce0e_AggEng2-p-2600.png 2600w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7bef7cf9b1ea55ce0e_AggEng2.png 3901w
"
width="Auto"
/><img
alt=""
class="aggmobile"
height="Auto"
loading="lazy"
sizes="(max-width: 479px) 92vw, 100vw"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3087f64e4cb13ff4adec_AggMobile2.png"
srcset="
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3087f64e4cb13ff4adec_AggMobile2-p-500.png 500w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3087f64e4cb13ff4adec_AggMobile2-p-800.png 800w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3087f64e4cb13ff4adec_AggMobile2-p-1080.png 1080w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3087f64e4cb13ff4adec_AggMobile2.png 1946w
"
width="Auto"
/>
<div class="testostorie ravvicinato">
...stemming from an Italian internet meme that began in 2021 featuring
the popular song titled "Poor Seagull."
</div>
<div class="div-block-11">
<div class="tiktokcontainer">
<div
class="video-8 w-video w-embed"
style="padding-top: 205.85106382978725%"
>
<iframe
allowfullscreen=""
class="embedly-embed"
height="1935"
scrolling="no"
src="//cdn.embedly.com/widgets/media.html?src=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tiktok.com%2Fembed%2Fv2%2F7063077101598969093&display_name=tiktok&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tiktok.com%2F%40sburalacaca%2Fvideo%2F7063077101598969093&image=https%3A%2F%2Fp16-sign-va.tiktokcdn.com%2Fobj%2Ftos-maliva-p-0068%2Fef8739af36c64ca3bc10285c1707cb97%3Flk3s%3Db59d6b55%26x-expires%3D1739656800%26x-signature%3Dge39aZ%252FKS3hteWfU9dVtkCXBM4s%253D%26shp%3Db59d6b55%26shcp%3D-&type=text%2Fhtml&schema=tiktok"
title="TikTok - Make Your Day"
width="940"
></iframe>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tiktokcontainermobile">
<div
class="video-8 w-video w-embed"
style="padding-top: 205.85106382978725%"
>
<iframe
allowfullscreen=""
class="embedly-embed"
height="1935"
scrolling="no"
src="//cdn.embedly.com/widgets/media.html?src=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tiktok.com%2Fembed%2Fv2%2F7064579675837828358&display_name=tiktok&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tiktok.com%2F%40spottedlandi%2Fvideo%2F7064579675837828358&image=https%3A%2F%2Fp16-sign-va.tiktokcdn.com%2Fobj%2Ftos-maliva-p-0068%2F359ce739a865498b9397d3ce77fdc040_1644850635%3Flk3s%3Db59d6b55%26x-expires%3D1739656800%26x-signature%3D4VxHJbnOGdfZhRoWUkztUY6cPNI%253D%26shp%3Db59d6b55%26shcp%3D-&type=text%2Fhtml&schema=tiktok"
title="TikTok - Make Your Day"
width="940"
></iframe>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tiktokcontainermobile">
<div
class="video-8 w-video w-embed"
style="padding-top: 205.85106382978725%"
>
<iframe
allowfullscreen=""
class="embedly-embed"
height="1935"
scrolling="no"
src="//cdn.embedly.com/widgets/media.html?src=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tiktok.com%2Fembed%2Fv2%2F7066792390757043462&display_name=tiktok&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tiktok.com%2F%40draffettone%2Fvideo%2F7066792390757043462&image=https%3A%2F%2Fp16-sign-va.tiktokcdn.com%2Fobj%2Ftos-maliva-p-0068%2Fc4ce06a5dd55460c8553f3914210a9be%3Flk3s%3Db59d6b55%26x-expires%3D1739656800%26x-signature%3D3F8KqJdCfxPWQIaIV9FSGdKbwpM%253D%26shp%3Db59d6b55%26shcp%3D-&type=text%2Fhtml&schema=tiktok"
title="TikTok - Make Your Day"
width="940"
></iframe>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="testostorie ravvicinato">
... and the bedbug, which is primarily described by its size (“piccolo,”
small) followed by negative adjectives.<br /><br />Likely due to the
period of data collection, during which media and social networks
amplified fears about the spread of a bedbug infestation originating in
Paris throughout Europe, including Italy.
</div>
<img
alt=""
class="aggettivi"
height="Auto"
loading="lazy"
sizes="(max-width: 479px) 100vw, (max-width: 991px) 70vw, 50vw"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7cfae743a10e8080e6_AggEng3.png"
srcset="
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7cfae743a10e8080e6_AggEng3-p-500.png 500w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7cfae743a10e8080e6_AggEng3-p-800.png 800w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7cfae743a10e8080e6_AggEng3-p-1080.png 1080w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7cfae743a10e8080e6_AggEng3-p-1600.png 1600w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7cfae743a10e8080e6_AggEng3-p-2000.png 2000w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7cfae743a10e8080e6_AggEng3-p-2600.png 2600w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af3b7cfae743a10e8080e6_AggEng3.png 3904w
"
width="Auto"
/><img
alt=""
class="aggmobile"
height="Auto"
loading="lazy"
sizes="(max-width: 479px) 92vw, 100vw"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af30885cd9ca6c5208dd51_AggMobile3.png"
srcset="
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af30885cd9ca6c5208dd51_AggMobile3-p-500.png 500w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af30885cd9ca6c5208dd51_AggMobile3-p-800.png 800w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af30885cd9ca6c5208dd51_AggMobile3-p-1080.png 1080w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af30885cd9ca6c5208dd51_AggMobile3-p-1600.png 1600w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67af30885cd9ca6c5208dd51_AggMobile3.png 1932w
"
width="Auto"
/>
<div class="titolistorie testoviola">
Some adjectives are common to all animals, while others are more
distinctive for each animal.
</div>
<div class="testostorie ravvicinato">
To understand the most distinctive adjective for each animal, we
reordered them using a
<a
class="testoviola"
href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tf-idf"
target="_blank"
>TF-IDF</a
>
(Term Frequency - Inverse Document Frequency), which isolates the most
important words for each animal from those that are highly frequent
across all animals.
</div>
<img
alt=""
class="img55"
loading="lazy"
sizes="(max-width: 767px) 100vw, (max-width: 991px) 70vw, 55vw"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67b6812ee0efd136c1809c75_Group%2520521.png"
srcset="
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67b6812ee0efd136c1809c75_Group%2520521-p-500.png 500w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67b6812ee0efd136c1809c75_Group%2520521-p-800.png 800w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67b6812ee0efd136c1809c75_Group%2520521-p-1080.png 1080w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67b6812ee0efd136c1809c75_Group%2520521-p-1600.png 1600w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67b6812ee0efd136c1809c75_Group%2520521.png 2374w
"
/><img
alt="TF-IDF visualization"
class="image-21"
loading="lazy"
sizes="(max-width: 767px) 100vw, 88vw"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67b68133fa342a84441901ca_Group%2520523.png"
srcset="
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67b68133fa342a84441901ca_Group%2520523-p-500.png 500w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67b68133fa342a84441901ca_Group%2520523-p-800.png 800w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67b68133fa342a84441901ca_Group%2520523-p-1080.png 1080w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67b68133fa342a84441901ca_Group%2520523-p-1600.png 1600w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67b68133fa342a84441901ca_Group%2520523-p-2000.png 2000w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67b68133fa342a84441901ca_Group%2520523-p-2600.png 2600w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67b68133fa342a84441901ca_Group%2520523-p-3200.png 3200w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67b68133fa342a84441901ca_Group%2520523.png 6070w
"
/><img
alt=""
class="image-24"
loading="lazy"
sizes="(max-width: 479px) 92vw, (max-width: 767px) 70vw, 100vw"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67b68125a9ebf46489bb735e_Frame%2520576.png"
srcset="
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67b68125a9ebf46489bb735e_Frame%2520576-p-500.png 500w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67b68125a9ebf46489bb735e_Frame%2520576-p-800.png 800w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67b68125a9ebf46489bb735e_Frame%2520576.png 1424w
"
/><img
alt="TF-IDF visualization"
class="tf-idfmobile"
loading="lazy"
sizes="(max-width: 479px) 100vw, (max-width: 767px) 70vw, 100vw"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67b681288b5ce4a0061b9f36_Frame%2520578.avif.html"
srcset="
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67b681288b5ce4a0061b9f36_Frame%2520578-p-500.avif.html 500w,
external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/67b681288b5ce4a0061b9f36_Frame%2520578.avif.html 1932w
"
/>
<div class="testostorie ravvicinato">
The hawk for example is uniquely associated with the adjective “pilgrim”
</div>
<div class="testostorie ravvicinato">Hawk</div>
<img
alt=""
class="tf-idf"
height="Auto"
loading="lazy"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/677eb78a84557ba24f45830c_Falco.svg"
width="Auto"
/>
<div class="testostorie ravvicinato">
For squirrels, the color “grigio” (gray) is emphasized. This might be
due to the fact that gray squirrels, although non-native to Italy, are
more widespread and are altering the local ecosystem.
</div>
<div class="testostorie ravvicinato">SQUIRREL</div>
<img
alt=""
class="tf-idf"
height="Auto"
loading="lazy"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/677eb78a78e4d890d9c72451_Scoiattolo.svg"
width="Auto"
/>
<div class="testostorie ravvicinato">
Or even, the crow is uniquely described as “intelligente” (smart).
</div>
<div class="testostorie ravvicinato">CROW</div>
<img
alt=""
class="tf-idf"
height="Auto"
loading="lazy"
src="external/cdn.prod.website-files.com/674f332340808fa363078766/677eb78a58cb0befa2fba264_Corvo.svg"
width="Auto"
/>
</div>
<div class="sectionfinale">
<div class="titolistoriefinale testoviola">
Notes on data collection and analysis
</div>
<div class="div-block-15">
<div class="div-block-19">
<div class="testostorie ravvicinato largo">
The data was collected using the
<a href="https://zenodo.org/records/7525702"
><span class="sottolineato testoviola">Zeeschuimer</span></a
>, browser extension, which enables systematic data collection while
browsing social media. To minimize the effects of TikTok's
algorithmic personalization, data was collected using a "clean
search browser" and a new TikTok account created specifically for
this study.<br /><br />The search queries were generated by
combining:<br /><span class="testoviola">→</span> A list of animals
(both singular and plural)<br /><span class="testoviola">→</span> A
list of Italian cities (regional capitals)<br /><br />From an
initial dataset of 41,129 videos, only those meeting the following
criteria were selected:<br /><span class="testoviola">→</span>
Videos clearly depicting urban animals<br /><span class="testoviola"
>→</span
>
Videos set in an Italian urban context<br /><span class="testoviola"
>→</span
>
Videos with verifiable geolocation or an identifiable Italian urban
setting<br />
</div>
</div>
<div class="testostorie ravvicinato largo">
The final dataset consists of 2,648 videos, including:<br /><span
class="testoviola"
>→</span
>
1.600 con città chiaramente identificata <br /><span
class="testoviola"
>→</span
>
1,048 set in an unspecified Italian urban context<br /><br />The
analysis of adjectives was carried out using the
<a class="testoviola" href="https://spacy.io/">spaCy</a> natural
language processing library. <br /><br />The adjectives were unified
according to the following criteria: <br /><span class="testoviola"
>→</span
>
Unification of plurals and singulars<br /><span class="testoviola"
>→</span
>
Unification of masculine and feminine forms<br /><span
class="testoviola"
>→</span
>
Retention of basic forms of adjectives<br /><br />
</div>
</div>
</div>
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href="https://next-generation-eu.europa.eu/index_it"
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